Course Content
Paper 2 : Problem Solving Approach – Practical
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9.1 Computational thinking skills
9.1.1 Using abstraction
9.1.2 Using decomposition
9.2 Algorithms
9.2.1 Writing algorithms that provide solutions to problems
9.2.2 Writing simple algorithms using pseudocode
9.2.3 Writing pseudocode from a structured English description
9.2.4 Writing pseudocode from a flowchart
9.2.5 Stepwise refinement
10.1 Data types and records
10.1.1 Data types
10.1.2 Records
10.2 Arrays
10.2.1 1D arrays
10.2.2 2D arrays
10.2.3 Using a linear search
10.2.4 Using a bubble sort
10.3 Files
10.4 Abstract data types (ADTs)
10.4.1 Stack operations
10.4.2 Queue operations
10.4.3 Linked list operations
11.1 Programming basics
11.1.1 Constants and variables
11.1.2 Library routines
11.2 Programming constructs
11.2.1 CASE and IF
11.2.2 Loops
11.3 Structured programming
11.3.1 Procedures
11.3.2 Functions
12.1 Program development lifecycle
12.1.1 The purpose of a program development lifecycle
12.1.2 Stages in the program development lifecycle
12.1.3 Different development lifecycles
12.2 Program design
12.2.1 Purpose and use of structure charts
12.2.2 Purpose and use of state-transition diagrams to document algorithms
12.3 Program testing and maintainance
12.3.1 Ways of avoiding and exposing faults in programs
12.3.2 Location, identification and correction of errors
12.3.3 Program testing
12.3.4 Program maintenance
Paper 1 : Theory Paper
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1.1 Data Representation
1.1.1 Number systems
1.1.2 Binary number system
1.1.3 Hexadecimal number system
1.1.4 Binary-coded decimal (BCD) system
1.1.5 ASCII codes and Unicodes
1.2 MultiMedia
1.2.1 Bit-map images
1.2.2 Vector graphics
1.2.3 Sound files
1.2.4 Video
1.3 File compression
1.3.1 File compression applications
1.3.2 General methods of compressing files
2.1 Networking
2.1.1 Networking devices
2.1.2 Client-server and peer-to-peer networking models
2.1.3 Network topologies
2.1.4 Public and private cloud computing
2.1.5 Wired and wireless networking
2.1.6 Hardware requirements of networks
2.1.7 Ethernet
2.1.8 Bit streaming
2.2 The internet
2.2.1 The differences between the internet and the World Wide Web
2.2.2 Hardware and software needed to support the internet
2.2.3 IP addresses
2.2.4 Uniform resource service (URLs)
2.2.5 Domain name service (DNS)
2.2.6 Scripting in HTML
3.1 Computers and their components
3.1.1 Types of memory and storage
3.1.2 Input and output devices
3.2 Logic gates and logic circuits
3.2.1 Logic gates
3.2.2 Truth tables
3.2.3 The function of the six logic gates
3.2.4 Logic circuits
3.2.5 Logic circuits in the real world
3.2.6 Multi-input logic gates
4.1 Central processing unit (CPU) architechure
4.1.1 Von Neumann model
4.1.2 Components of the processor (CPU)
4.1.3 Registers
4.1.4 System buses
4.1.5 Computer ports
4.1.6 Fetch-execute cycle
4.1.7 Interrupts
4.2 Assembly language
4.2.1 Assembly language and machine code
4.2.2 Stages of assembly
4.2.3 Assembly language instructions
4.2.4 Addressing modes
4.2.5 Simple assembly language programs
4.3 Bit manipulation
4.3.1 Binary shifts
4.3.2 Bit manipulation used in monitoring and control
5.1 Operating systems
5.1.1 The need for an operating system
5.1.2 Operating system tasks
5.1.3 Utility software
5.1.4 Program libraries
5.2 Language translators
5.2.1 Translation and execution of programs
5.2.2 Pros and cons of compiling or interpreting a program
5.2.3 Partial compiling and interpreting
5.2.4 Integrated development environment (IDE)
6.1 Data security
6.1.1 Data privacy
6.1.2 Preventing data loss and restricting data access
6.1.3 Risks to the security of stored data
6.1.4 Data recovery
6.2 Data integrity
6.2.1 Validation
6.2.2 Verification
7.1 Legal, moral, ethical and cultural implications
7.1.1 Computer ethics
7.1.2 Professional ethical bodies
7.1.3 Impact on the public
7.2 Copyright issues
7.2.1 Software copyright and privacy
7.2.2 The internet and the World Wide Web (WWW)
7.2.3 Software licensing
7.3 Artificial intelligence
7.3.1 What is AI?
7.3.2 The impact of AI
7.3.3 The impacts of AI on society, the economy and the environment
8.1 Database concepts
8.1.1 The limitations of a file-based approach
8.1.2 The advantages of a relational database over a file-based approach
8.1.3 Relational database model terminology
8.1.4 Entity-relationship (E-R) diagrams
8.1.5 The normalisation process
8.2 Database management systems (DBMSs)
8.2.1 How a DBMS addresses the limitations of a file-based approach
8.2.2 The use and purpose of DBMS software tools
8.3 Data definition language (DDL) and data manipulation language (DML)
8.3.1 Industry standard methods for building and modifying a database
8.3.2 SQL (DDL) commands and scripts
8.3.3 SQL (DML) commands and scripts
As level 9618 : Notes Pack : Python

Data representation refers to the method used to store, process, and transmit data in a computer system. It involves representing information such as text, numbers, images, and sounds using binary digits (0s and 1s). Computers use this binary form to perform calculations, processing, and data manipulation efficiently.

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